Congress members split over US attack on Iran

Dear Commons Community,

Congressional leaders reacted to Trump ordering attack on Iran.  The quotes below were collected by ABC News.

Tony

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Congressional leaders expressed surprise Saturday night about President Donald Trump’s announcement he had ordered a U.S. attacked on three Iranian nuclear sites, with some Republicans praising the move and some Democrats questioning the president’s authority.

South Carolina Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham, an Israel hawk, said in an X post moments after Trump announced the attack that it was “the right call.”

“The regime deserves it. Well done, President @realDonaldTrump,” he said. “To my fellow citizens: We have the best Air Force in the world. It makes me so proud.”

Tasos Katopodis/Getty Images – PHOTO: President Donald Trump points to the new flag on the south lawn of the White House on June 21, 2025, in Washington, D.C.

But the top Democrat in the House, Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, said Trump had “misled the country.”

“Donald Trump promised to bring peace to the Middle East. He has failed to deliver on that promise. The risk of war has now dramatically increased, and I pray for the safety of our troops in the region who have been put in harm’s way,” he said in a statement.

“President Trump misled the country about his intentions, failed to seek congressional authorization for the use of military force and risks American entanglement in a potentially disastrous war in the Middle East,” he continued.

“First, the Trump administration bears the heavy burden of explaining to the American people why this military action was undertaken. Second, Congress must be fully and immediately briefed in a classified setting. Third, Donald Trump shoulders complete and total responsibility for any adverse consequences that flow from his unilateral military action,” he added.

Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont was on stage at one of his “Fight Oligarchy” events in Tulsa, Oklahoma, when he read a portion of President Trump’s post about the strikes to an audience that immediately began booing.

“Not only is this news this that I’ve heard this second alarming — all of you have just heard. But it is so grossly unconstitutional. All of you know that the only entity that can take this country to war is the U.S. Congress. the president does not have the right,” he added.

Rep. Rick Crawford, an Arizona Republican and chair of the House Intelligence Committee, said in a statement that he was in touch with the president before the attack and still monitoring the situation.

“As I have said multiple times recently, I regret that Iran has brought the world to this point. That said, I am thankful President Trump understood that the red line — articulated by Presidents of both parties for decades — was real,” he said.

At least one Republican in the House, however, questioned the president’s action without congressional authorization.

“This is not Constitutional,” GOP Rep. Tom Massie of Kentucky posted.

Rep. Jim Himes of Connecticut, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee, posted on X, “According to the Constitution we are both sworn to defend, my attention to this matter comes BEFORE bombs fall. Full stop.”

“We need to immediately return to DC and vote on @RepThomasMassie and my War Powers Resolution to prevent America from being dragged into another endless Middle East war,” Rep. Ro Khanna, D-Calif., said in an X post.

House Speaker Mike Johnson was briefed ahead of the U.S. strikes on Iran’s nuclear sites, according to a source familiar with the matter.

Johnson was supposed to be in Israel Sunday to address the Knesset, but the trip was scrapped because of the ongoing conflict.

The speaker also put out a statement endorsing the strikes, calling it a “decisive” action that prevents terrorism.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune was also briefed ahead of the U.S. strikes on Iran, according to two sources familiar with the conversation.

GOP Sen. John Barrasso of Wyoming posted, “President @realDonaldTrump’s decision to strike Iran’s nuclear program is the right one. The greatest threat to the safety of the United States and the world is Iran with a nuclear weapon. God Bless our troops 🇺🇸”

Texas Republican Sen. John Cornyn posted, “President Trump made the courageous and correct decision to eliminate the Iranian nuclear threat. God Bless the USA. Thank you to our extraordinary military and our indomitable @POTUS This is what leadership on the world stage looks like.”

Pennsylvania Democratic Sen. John Fetterman said on X, “As I’ve long maintained, this was the correct move by @POTUS. Iran is the world’s leading sponsor of terrorism and cannot have nuclear capabilities. I’m grateful for and salute the finest military in the world. 🇺🇸”

Democratic Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York posted that President Trump’s strike on Iran constitutes “ground for impeachment,” saying he was “in grave violation of the Constitution” without first receiving congressional authorization.

The United States Bombs Three Sites in Iran:  We Are at War!

American Bombs Targeted Three Sites in Iran. Courtesy of AP News.

Dear Commons Community,

Trump bombed three sites in Iran late last night, directly joining Israel’s war aimed at decapitating the country’s nuclear program in a risky gambit to weaken a longtime foe amid Tehran’s threat of reprisals that could spark a wider regional conflict.

Three key developments:

  • Trump delivers remarks: President Donald Trump says Iran’s key nuclear sites were “completely and fully obliterated” by U.S. strikes. Speaking at the White House hours after the attacks, he threatened more strikes and said Iran faced a choice between “peace or tragedy.”
  • Iran issues warning: Iran’s top diplomat warned Sunday that the U.S. attacks on its nuclear sites “will have everlasting consequences” and that Tehran “reserves all options” to retaliate. The comment from Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi on X represents the first ranking official to comment on the strikes on Isfahan, Fordo and Natanz by the Americans.
  • How we got here:Israel launched a surprise barrage of attacks on sites in Iran on June 13, which Israeli officials said was necessary to head off what they claimed was an imminent threat that Iran would build nuclear bombs. Iran has retaliated with a series of missile and drone strikes in Israel, while Israel has continued to strike sites in Iran.

We will wait and see where this leads but it is not likely to be pretty and could be quite tragic.

Tony

New Sculpture on the National Mall “Praises” Trump the Dictator!

Dear Commons Community,

The White House has a full-blown freakout after activist artists erect a hilarious statue on the National Mall mocking Donald Trump’s failure of a birthday parade.

This one really struck a nerve…

“If these Democrat activists were living in a dictatorship, their eye-sore of a sculpture wouldn’t be sitting on the National Mall right now,” White House spokesperson Abigail Jackson told The Washington Post. “In the United States of America you have the freedom to display your so-called ‘art,’ no matter how ugly it is.”

The art in question is an 8-foot-tall sculpture of a golden hand — evocative of Trump’s obsession with tacky gold-plating — giving a big Trumpian thumbs up while squashing the Statue of Liberty. The piece is appropriately entitled “Dictator Approved” and the base displays quotes from authoritarian leaders heaping praise on Trump.

“President Trump is a very bright and talented man,” reads one plaque, quoting murderous Russian dictator Vladimir Putin.

“We do have a great deal of shared values. I admire President Trump,” reads the second, quoting far-right Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro.

North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un’s quotes calling Trump “Your Excellency” and praising their “special relationship” and “the extraordinary courage of President Trump” are also featured.

“The most respected, the most feared person is Donald Trump,” reads another, quoting authoritarian Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban.

The piece was legally erected through a permit with the National Park Service and was specifically designed to condemn Trump’s birthday military parade that doubled as a celebration of the Army’s 250th anniversary.

The purpose of the statue is to draw attention to “the praising these types of oppressive leaders have given Donald Trump.”

Heil Trump!

Tony

MIT Study on the Use of Generative AI for Essay Writing

Dear Commons Community,

Artificial intelligence chatbots may be able to write a quick essay, but a new study from MIT found that their use comes at a cognitive cost.

study published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Lab analyzed the cognitive function of 54 people writing an essay with: only the assistance of OpenAI’s ChatGPT; only online browsers; or no outside tools at all.

Largely, the study found that those who relied solely on ChatGPT to write their essays had lower levels of brain activity and presented less original writing.

“As we stand at this technological crossroads, it becomes crucial to understand the full spectrum of cognitive consequences associated with (language learning model) integration in educational and informational contexts,” the study states. “While these tools offer unprecedented opportunities for enhancing learning and information access, their potential impact on cognitive development, critical thinking and intellectual independence demands a very careful consideration and continued research.”

Here’s a deeper look at the study and how it was conducted.

A team of MIT researchers, led by MIT Media Lab research scientist Nataliya Kosmyna, studied 54 participants between the ages of 18 and 39. Participants were recruited from MIT, Wellesley College, Harvard, Tufts University and Northeastern University. The participants were randomly split into three groups, 18 people per group.

The study states that the three groups included a language learning model group, in which participants only used OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4o to write their essays. The second group was limited to using only search engines for their research, and the third was prohibited from any tools. Participants in the latter group could only use their minds to write their essays.

Each participant had 20 minutes to write an essay from one of three prompts taken from SAT tests, the study states. Three different options were provided to each group, totaling nine unique prompts. An example of a prompt available to participants using ChatGPT was about loyalty:

“Many people believe that loyalty whether to an individual, an organization, or a nation means unconditional and unquestioning support no matter what. To these people, the withdrawal of support is by definition a betrayal of loyalty. But doesn’t true loyalty sometimes require us to be critical of those we are loyal to? If we see that they are doing something that we believe is wrong, doesn’t true loyalty require us to speak up, even if we must be critical? Does true loyalty require unconditional support?”

As the participants wrote their essays, they were hooked up to a Neuoelectrics Enobio 32 headset, which allowed researchers to collect EEG (electroencephalogram) signals, the brain’s electrical activity.

Following the sessions, 18 participants returned for a fourth study group. Participants who had previously used ChatGPT to write their essays were required to use no tools and participants who had used no tools before used ChatGPT, the study states.

In addition to analyzing brain activity, the researchers looked at the essays themselves.

First and foremost, the essays of participants who used no tools (ChatGPT or search engines) had wider variability in both topics, words and sentence structure, the study states. On the other hand, essays written with the help of ChatGPT were more homogenous.

All of the essays were “judged” by two English teachers and two AI judges trained by the researchers. The English teachers were not provided background information about the study but were able to identify essays written by AI.

“These, often lengthy essays included standard ideas, reoccurring typical formulations and statements, which made the use of AI in the writing process rather obvious. We, as English teachers, perceived these essays as ‘soulless,’ in a way, as many sentences were empty with regard to content and essays lacked personal nuances,” a statement from the teachers, included in the study, reads.

As for the AI judges, a judge trained by the researchers to evaluate like the real teachers scored each of the essays, for the most part, a four or above, on a scale of five.

When it came to brain activity, researchers were presented “robust” evidence that participants who used no writing tools displayed the “strongest, widest-ranging” brain activity, while those who used ChatGPT displayed the weakest. Specifically, the ChatGPT group displayed 55% reduced brain activity, the study states.

And though the participants who used only search engines had less overall brain activity than those who used no tools, these participants had a higher level of eye activity than those who used ChatGPT, even though both were using a digital screen.

Further research on the long-term impacts of artificial intelligence chatbots on cognitive activity is needed, the study states.

As for this particular study, researchers noted that a larger number of participants from a wider geographical area would be necessary for a more successful study. Writing outside of a traditional educational environment could also provide more insight into how AI works in more generalized tasks.

Good study!

Tony

Elon Musk’s SpaceX rockets keep blowing up

The moment a SpaceX Starship rocket exploded into a gigantic fireball.   Courtesy Andrew C @therocketfuture

Dear Commons Community,

As Elon Musk returns his focus to his businesses, one of his most important companies just had another setback: A SpaceX Starship rocket exploded in an immense fireball Wednesday during a routine ground test.

The explosion marks the fourth failure in a row for SpaceX’s Starship, all while Musk’s other companies and his personal brand struggle to recover after his foray into politics.

Starship is supposed to help reach NASA’s goal of bringing American astronauts back to the moon by 2027: The US space agency is paying SpaceX up to about $4 billion for the mission. Although SpaceX has said that the last three launches before Wednesday’s explosions were successful in testing some elements, all ended in mid-flight failures.   As reported by CNN.

SpaceX has long made the case that failures during the testing and development phase are not the harbingers of disaster they may seem. The company embraces a design philosophy called “rapid iterative development” that emphasizes building relatively low-cost prototypes and launching frequent test flights. SpaceX believes the approach allows the company to hash out rocket designs faster and at cheaper price points than relying on slower, more methodical engineering approaches that can guarantee a vehicle’s success.

But the very fiery Starship explosion comes as Musk has been trying to restore his reputation as he returned to focus on his businesses after a controversial stint in the Trump administration. After several months as a top White House adviser and leading the Department of Government Efficiency, Musk is now taking a step back from full-time government work refocusing his time on his companies, including Tesla, which has struggled in part as a result of Musk’s alliance with the Trump administration.

Upon his return, Musk has sought to promote an image of safety and reliability at Tesla, which is aiming to launch its driverless robotaxis in Austin on Sunday – although the initial phase is expected to be limited less than two dozen cars and Musk has warned the date could shift.

But before the launch, a group of Texas lawmakers have asked Tesla to delay the roll out of its robotaxi service until September, citing a new law on autonomous driving set to take effect. And Tesla’s share price slipped this week, before recovering somewhat, following a report from Business Insider that the company plans to pause production on Cybertruck and Model Y lines for a week at its Austin factory for maintenance, the third such shutdown this year. And in Europe, where Tesla sales have been plunging, Chinese car maker BYD sold more pure battery electric vehicles over Tesla in Europe for the first time, according to a report from JATO, an automotive market research firm.

Musk also has his work cut out for him at his AI company, xAI. Bloomberg reported the company “is burning through $1 billion a month” as the cost of building out its AI model “races ahead of the limited revenues.”

Musk brushed off the report. “Bloomberg is talking nonsense,” he posted on X in response.

Musk also publicly disputed his own AI chatbot Grok, when it posted a fact check about politically motivated violence, noting that “Since 2016, data suggests right-wing political violence has been more frequent and deadly.” That response lines up with most publicly available data.

But Musk didn’t agree. “Major fail, as this is objectively false. Grok is parroting legacy media. Working on it.” he posted.

Musk seems to be brushing off the setbacks, especially with SpaceX. He said last month that he hoped Starship would make its inaugural flight to Mars by the end of next year — a target that looks increasingly unlikely to be met.

“Just a scratch,” he posted after Starship’s explosion before posting “RIP Ship 36” and memes.

When a user asked Musk’s chatbot Grok why Musk was posting memes, Grok responded “The timing suggests it’s likely a humorous comment on the SpaceX Starship explosion that occurred on June 18, rather than targeting a specific person. Musk often uses memes to downplay such setbacks.” Musk responded with a bullseye emoji.

Try, try again.

Tony

U.S. Supreme Court upholds state bans on transgender care for minors

Dear Commons Community,

The U.S. Supreme Court on Wednesday upheld laws in roughly half the states that ban gender affirming medical care for transgender minors. The vote was 6-3, along ideological lines.

The case was brought by transgender children and their parents in Tennessee who claimed that the state’s ban on hormone treatments and puberty blockers for transgender minors discriminated on the basis of sex. They contended that they were being denied equal protection of the law because the same medications that are banned for minors with gender dysphoria, are permitted for other minors with conditions such as endometriosis and early or late onset puberty.

But writing for the conservative court’s supermajority, Chief Justice John Roberts rejected that argument entirely.  

He said that laws like Tennessee’s that turn on age or medical use, are not subject to the kind of heightened legal scrutiny that courts use to look at workplace sex discrimination, for instance. Instead, the court applied the lowest level of legal scrutiny, called rational basis, meaning that if there is any rational justification for the law, it passes constitutional muster.  As reported by NPR.

Acknowledging what he called “the fierce scientific and policy debates about the safety, efficacy and propriety of medical treatments in an evolving field,” Roberts said that it is not the court’s job to judge “the wisdom or fairness” of Tennessee’s law.

The court’s job, he said, is only to determine whether the law violates the constitution’s guarantee of equal protection of the law. Having concluded that the law does not unconstitutionally discriminate, he said, the court leaves these policy questions “to the people, their elected representatives, and the democratic process.”

Reaction to the decision was swift. “There’s no sugar coating this opinion,” said Jennifer Levi, a senior director at GLAD Law, an advocacy organization for LGBTQ rights. “It means that in more than half the states where the care is banned, families won’t be able to get the care that their children need.”

“The court really abdicated its responsibility to protect a vulnerable group,” she added.

In a rare dissent, read from the bench, Justice Sonia Sotomayor echoed that sentiment. Because the Tennessee law explicitly classifies its ban on the basis of sex and transgender status, she said, both the constitution and precedent require that the court subject the law to a higher level of scrutiny.

Instead, she said, the majority “contorts logic and precedent to say otherwise,” retreating from meaningful judicial review “exactly when it matters most.”

To make her point, Sotomayor noted that judicial scrutiny has long played an essential role in guarding against legislative efforts to impose the state’s view on how people of a particular race or sex should live, or look or act. Pointing to what she called a “hauntingly familiar passage” in Virginia’s 1967 brief defending its ban on interracial marriage, Sotomayor noted that the court did not “defer to the wisdom of the state legislature.” Indeed, the court’s 1967 landmark ruling struck down the ban on interracial marriage.

Contrary to that decision, she said that the court now abandons children and their families to “political whims,” adding, “In sadness, I dissent.”

Joining her in full was Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson. Justice Elena Kagan partially joined. She too would have required a higher level of scrutiny, but she would have stopped there. Given the extensive, and disputed evidence presented in the lower courts, she said, the court should have sent the case back down to determine whether the state law was based on stereotypes and prejudices or legitimate state interests.

While the court’s majority opinion gave states broad powers to ban or regulate transgender medical care for minors, it left unresolved a number of questions that very likely will reach the Supreme Court next term.

Among them is a challenge to the Trump administration’s ban on transgender people in the military, and a challenge to the administration’s policy denying passports for transgender individuals, unless they list as their gender as their sex at birth.

Also not resolved by Wednesday’s ruling are cases involving bans on transgender participation in school sports. Federal law bars discrimination based on sex in any education program or activity that receives federal funding.

John Bursch, who argued and won the case on behalf of the conservative Alliance Defending Freedom said that “about half the states have adopted laws that prohibit boys who identify as girls from participating in girls sports teams.”

As he noted, two of those cases are currently pending before the Supreme Court.

Farther down the road is another question — whether states can ban medical care for transitioning adults.

“I think there would be a rational basis to also prohibit it for adults, and that would be up to the states to decide,” said Bursch.

The court will be back today with more opinions.

Tony

 

Sam Altman: OpenAI could need a “significant fraction” of the Earth’s power for future artificial intelligence computing

Sam Altman. Getty Images | Justin Sullivan

Dear Commons Community,

One of the major deterrents to the development and advancement of generative AI is a lack of sufficient computing power. That is, aside from the privacy and safety concerns that could potentially contribute to the end of humanity.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman recently made an appearance at one of American Micro Devices (AMD) recent artificial intelligence conferences, admitting that AI development will require an exorbitant amount of electricity to power its advances (via LaptopMag).

AMD CEO Lisa Su’s keynote at the Advancing AI 2025 conference asked Altman whether the recent and recurrent ChatGPT outages are related to GPU shortages. According to OpenAI’s CEO:

“Theoretically, at some points, you can see that a significant fraction of the power on Earth should be spent running AI compute. And maybe we’re going to get there.”

OpenAI is essentially suffering from a GPU problem. After it launched its new GPT-4o image generator in waves, the company quickly made the executive decision to delay a full rollout of the tool.

GPT-4o’s image generation capabilities turned out to be a hit among most users to the extent of adding one million new ChatGPT users in less than one hour, predominantly due to viral Studio Ghibli “inspired” memes that flooded social media earlier this year.

Sam Altman jokingly indicated that the viral Ghibli memes were causing OpenAI’s GPUs to “melt“, further urging users to dial down their image generations. The executive went on to say that the high demand for its image generator tool prompted OpenAI to do unnatural things to mitigate the issue, including temporarily introducing rate limits, borrowing compute power from its research division, and slowing down the shipment of new features

In a separate interview, Altman claimed:

“It’s not like we have hundreds of thousands of GPUs sitting around just like spinning idly.”

OpenAI appears to now have enough GPUs to power its advances, and the company is in a position to better handle demand surges from viral moments, such as the Ghibli memes frenzy.

More recently, Sam Altman revealed that “ChatGPT is already more powerful than any human who has ever lived.” However, he revealed that the chatbot uses 0.34 watt-hours, “about what an oven would use in a little over one second, or a high-efficiency lightbulb would use in a couple of minutes.” He further detailed that the AI tool consumes 0.000085 gallons of water per query.

Something else to be concerned about with AI.

Tony

 

The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth!

Emancipation Day celebration, June 19, 1900, held  in Austin, Texas. Credit: Austin History Center.

Dear Commons Community,

Today we celebrate Juneteenth, commemorating the freeing of enslaved African Americans in our country. Below is a brief background on this event courtesy of the National Museum of African American  History and Culture.

Tony


The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth

On “Freedom’s Eve,” or the eve of January 1, 1863, the first Watch Night services took place. On that night, enslaved and free African Americans gathered in churches and private homes all across the country awaiting news that the Emancipation Proclamation had taken effect. At the stroke of midnight, prayers were answered as all enslaved people in Confederate States were declared legally free. Union soldiers, many of whom were black, marched onto plantations and across cities in the south reading small copies of the Emancipation Proclamation spreading the news of freedom in Confederate States. Only through the Thirteenth Amendment did emancipation end slavery throughout the United States.

But not everyone in Confederate territory would immediately be free. Even though the Emancipation Proclamation was made effective in 1863, it could not be implemented in places still under Confederate control. As a result, in the westernmost Confederate state of Texas, enslaved people would not be free until much later. Freedom finally came on June 19, 1865, when some 2,000 Union troops arrived in Galveston Bay, Texas. The army announced that the more than 250,000 enslaved black people in the state, were free by executive decree. This day came to be known as “Juneteenth,” by the newly freed people in Texas. \

Juneteenth marks our country’s second independence day. Although it has long been celebrated in the African American community, this monumental event remains largely unknown to most Americans.

The historical legacy of Juneteenth shows the value of never giving up hope in uncertain times. The National Museum of African American History and Culture is a community space where this spirit of hope lives on. A place where historical events like Juneteenth are shared and new stories with equal urgency are told.

Michael Wolff: Trump Blames Hegseth for Flop Birthday Parade!

 

Photo Illustration by Thomas Levinson/The Daily Beast/Getty

Dear Commons Community,

Biographer Michael Wolff revealed yesterday that Trump was unhappy with his sparsely attended military parade over the weekend and blamed it on Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, 

Wolff told The Daily Beast Podcast that Trump wanted a “menacing” show of force to celebrate the Army’s 250th anniversary and his 79th birthday on Saturday—but got a “festive” parade instead.

“He’s p—ed off at the soldiers,” Wolff said. “He’s accusing them of hamming it up, and by that, he seems to mean that they were having a good time, that they were waving, that they were enjoying themselves and showing a convivial face rather than a military face.”

As thousands of soldiers flanked by tanks made their way past empty bleachers along Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C., social media users pointed out that the soldiers were marching out of sync, and the muted atmosphere appeared to match the gloomy weather.

That didn’t escape Trump, who pointed the finger at his defense secretary, according to Wolff.

“He kind of reamed out Hegseth for this,” the Trump biographer said. “Apparently, there was a phone call, and he said to Hegseth, the tone was all wrong. Why was the tone wrong? Who staged this? There was the tone problem. Trump, he keeps repeating himself.”

“It didn’t send the message that he apparently wanted, which is that he was the commander in chief of this menacing enterprise,” Wolff added.

Publicly, Trump has insisted that his parade was a “tremendous” success even after it was overshadowed by “No Kings” demonstrations across the country, which drew in millions of Americans who protested against the president’s sweeping immigration agenda.

Trump’ parade showed the world that he is a crass individual who has not learned that respect and leadership is based on what is in one’s heart and brains not in military machines. And in Trump world, there has to be a fall guy and Hegseth was it.

Tony

Amazon CEO Andy Jassy says AI will mean fewer jobs at the company!

Amazon.com Inc. Chief Executive Andy Jassy

Dear Commons Community,

To survive as artificial intelligence transforms the workforce, employees should get to know the technology well.

That’s according to Amazon.com Inc. Chief Executive Andy Jassy, who outlined yesterday the ways that AI will change how people work at the e-commerce giant — and more broadly.

“Want to keep your job at Amazon? We suggest taking Andy’s advice,” Baird analyst Colin Sebastian wrote in a note to clients. He pointed to Jassy’s recommendations that employees “be curious about AI, educate yourself, attend workshops and take trainings, use and experiment with AI whenever you can, participate in your team’s brainstorms to figure out how to invent for our customers more quickly and expansively, and how to get more done with scrappier teams.”

Amazon had about 1.56 million full- and part-time employees as of the end of 2024, according to its latest annual report. That was up from roughly 1.53 million at the end of 2023.

Jassy’s commentary comes as other companies are stepping up their AI efforts, and their talk around them. Duolingo Inc. recently shared to LinkedIn a note from its CEO, who proclaimed that the language-instruction company was becoming “AI-first.”

“We’ll gradually stop using contractors to do work that AI can handle,” CEO Luis von Ahn said in the post. He noted that Duolingo would also look for AI use when making hiring decisions, and allocate more headcount to teams only if they could show that they couldn’t automate more tasks.

That said, he later took to his own page to clarify the original post.

“I do not see AI as replacing what our employees do (we are in fact continuing to hire at the same speed as before),” von Ahn wrote. “I see it as a tool to accelerate what we do, at the same or better level of quality. And the sooner we learn how to use it, and use it responsibly, the better off we will be in the long run.”

As Amazon goes, so will many other companies!

Tony